Social Equality among people
Social equality
Social equality concerns the distribution of social goods and burdens, such as income, wealth, opportunity, education, and health care. Although we may claim that all people are somehow "equal" -- say, equally valuable in the eyes of God -- this is not a conception of social equality but a call for equal moral treatment -- for example, to claim that everyone has the same basic rights. Instead, social equality occurs when some good, like income or happiness, is equally attained.
HOW CAN PEOPLE BE TREATED EQUALLY ?
In recent history, many societies have passed laws that prohibit discrimination against people based on race, gender, or age. These ensure that all people are treated equally by employers, governments, and other members of society. Many of these laws guarantee what are known as human rights.
GENDER
UNICEF says gender equality "means that women and men, and girls and boys, enjoy the same rights, resources, opportunities and protections. It does not require that girls and boys, or women and men, be the same, or that they be treated exactly alike."
Gender equality, equality between men and women, Bisexual entails the concept that all human beings, both men and women, are free to develop their personal abilities and make choices without the limitations set by stereotypes, rigid gender roles and prejudices. Gender equality means that the different behavior, aspirations and needs of women and men are considered, valued and favored equally. It does not mean that women and men have to become the same, but that their rights, responsibilities and opportunities will not depend on whether they are born male or female. Gender equity means fairness of treatment for women and men, according to their respective needs. This may include equal treatment or treatment that is different but which is considered equivalent in terms of rights, benefits, obligations and opportunities.
WEALTH
A few people in each society earn large amounts of money, or inherit fortunes handed down through their families. Their wealth gives them access to more economic and social opportunities than others, and can give them more influence over society as a whole.
Promoting gender equality is seen as an encouragement to greater economic prosperity. Female economic activity is a common measure of gender equality in an economy.
Gender discrimination often results in women obtaining low-wage jobs and being disproportionately affected by poverty, discrimination and exploitation.A growing body of research documents what works to economically empower women, from providing access to formal financial services to training on agricultural and business management practices, though more research is needed across a variety of contexts to confirm the effectiveness of these interventions.[87]
Gender biases also exist in product and service provision.The term "Women's Tax", also known as "Pink Tax", refers to gendered pricing in which products or services marketed to women are more expensive than similar products marketed to men. Gender-based price discrimination involves companies selling almost identical units of the same product or service at comparatively different prices, as determined by the target market. Studies have found that women pay about $1,400 a year more than men due to gendered discriminatory pricing. Although the "pink tax" of different goods and services is not uniform, overall women pay more for commodities that result in visual evidence of feminine body image.
Girls' access to education
In many parts of the world, girls' access to education is very restricted. In developing parts of the world women are often denied opportunities for education as girls and women face many obstacles. These include: early and forced marriages; early pregnancy; prejudice based on gender stereotypes at home, at school and in the community; violence on the way to school, or in and around schools; long distances to schools; vulnerability to the HIV epidemic; school fees, which often lead to parents sending only their sons to school; lack of gender sensitive approaches and materials in classrooms.According to OHCHR, there have been multiple attacks on schools worldwide during the period 2009–2014 with "a number of these attacks being specifically directed at girls, parents and teachers advocating for gender equality in education".[106] The United Nations Population Fund says:
RACE
Race is an outdated concept for distinguishing groups of people who share common physical characteristics, such as black skin or blonde hair. Ethnicity is a more accurate label that refers to a group’s cultural and linguistic habits, as well as their race.
Societies made up of several ethnic groups, each with their own cultural traditions, are called multi-ethnic societies. During the 20th and 21st centuries, many multi-ethnic societies have searched for ways to promote respect for these different groups, often passing laws to promote equal opportunities for all.
Gender & social equality and power
Research since the 1980s has shown clear disparities in different population groups’ access to livelihood resources, and in their vulnerability to climate change and environmental degradation. These disparities are mediated by social, economic and political institutions with often tacit gender and social norms that create and sustain inequality – both within societies, and between them.
If we want to understand and address today’s development and environmental challenges, we need to examine people and ecosystems in relation to each other.
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